Guide to Gum Disease
The dental hygiene of your teeth and gums is essential. If insufficient care is given then this can lead to an array of problems. One such serious consequence is gum disease. This, rather than tooth decay, is one of the main causes of tooth loss and is something that should not be dismissed. If you have been diagnosed with gum disease by your dentist, then it is not too late. If you put the effort in and ensure your teeth are provided with vital dental care, then the consequences of gum disease can be avoided.
What is gum disease?
Gum disease is an inflammation, tenderness and infection of the surrounding areas of the teeth. There are two main types of gum disease. They are:
- Gingivitis - Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums around the teeth. The gums will be very sensitive to touch, and there may a negative reaction to hot or cold drinks. When brushing your teeth the inflamed gums may bleed, and this is more often than not the first indication that you have gingivitis. This is a condition that can be improved by providing good dental hygiene. Brushing your teeth morning and night, using mouthwash and flossing your teeth should become an essential part of your routine to combat gingivitis.
- Periodontal - If gingivitis is left to stew, then this can lead to periodontal disease. This is an advanced form of gum disease which affects the gums holding the teeth in place. This can lead to the bones which act as anchors to the teeth becoming loose, and the eventual loss of teeth.
What causes gum disease?
If you do not give your teeth sufficient dental care then this can lead to gum disease. This is due to the build of plaque, a known form of bacteria. Plaque can build up even if you do regularly clean your teeth, should you do not do so properly. You must make sure that you clean each and every tooth and that you clean those hard to reach areas. If you need to wear a brace then this may prohibit the cleaning of your teeth. You should ask for advice from your dentist if this is the case.
Smoking is another known cause of gum disease, and those with diabetes may be more inclined to contract gum disease. Risky behaviours that may also lead to gum disease include stress, teeth grinding and a high sugar intake. Hormone changes during pregnancy have also been linked to the development of gum disease, due to the gums becoming more sensitive at this time.
What are the symptoms?
The symptoms of gum disease can sometimes be difficult to notice. The affects for each person will vary, and thus will the apparentness of the condition. Generally, the symptoms are as follows:
- When brushing your teeth this may cause your gums to bleed.
- A swelling and inflammation of the gums is often apparent.
- Your teeth may be sensitive to cold or hot drinks, or mere changes in temperature.
- The shape of your teeth may feel different when speaking or eating.
- You may experience an odd metallic flavour every now and then.
How to prevent gum disease
Prevention techniques against gum disease are rather simple. However, sticking to them is often the hardest part:
- Brush your teeth twice a day, once in the morning and once at night. Also, use mouthwash and floss your teeth. If you have eaten something particularly sugary, then it may be a good idea to use mouthwash after.
- Make sure you attend those six month check ups at the dentist.
- If your teeth are shaped in a manner that makes them difficult to clean, then your dentist will be able to advise you on the best course of action. One such tool they may recommend is an interdental brush, which reaches areas a toothbrush can’t.
- Diabetics should ensure they maintain their condition.
- Symptoms of gum disease should not be ignored. Contact your dentist immediately.
- Dentures require regular cleaning.
- Smoking and the intake of sugar should be limited, if not fully discontinued.
